Kamran Balayev: London’s justice heritage is one to be defended
Who's accountable for the results?
Kamran Balayev is an international legal and policy expert, business leader, and former London mayoral candidate.
London’s most profitable export is not a product. It is a place.
Each year, international businesses deliberately choose English law, London courts, and London-seated arbitration to resolve disputes that can run into the hundreds of millions, sometimes billions. This is forum shopping at its most sophisticated: parties comparing legal systems as if they were infrastructure, and paying a premium for the one they trust most. For the UK, that premium is both a source of revenue and a form of quiet national influence.
The scale of this choice is striking. The Commercial Court reports that around 75 per cent of its work is international, a proportion that has remained broadly stable. But “international” understates what is happening in practice. An independent review of 262 judgments delivered by the London Commercial Courts between April 2023 and March 2024 found that 68 per cent of litigants were non-UK parties, drawn from 84 different countries; the most internationally diverse year on record.
A national court serving litigants from 84 countries is not merely domestic. It is global legal infrastructure. That global pull rests on something unusually old, and unusually modern in function.
England’s courts have institutional continuity stretching back almost 900 years, to the royal courts that emerged in the late 12th century. English common law began to crystallise in the same period, developing incrementally through judicial reasoning rather than comprehensive codes. Over time, that method produced what commercial parties value most: predictability without rigidity, adaptability without arbitrariness, and judgments that explain not just what the law is, but why.
As Lord Mansfield famously observed in the 18th century: “The law of England is the law of merchants.” That insight remains true. English law became the governing law of choice for cross-border contracts even when neither party was British – and London became the natural venue for resolving disputes arising from them.
This is reflected in the work London attracts. The Commercial Court generally handles claims valued at £8 million and above, while the London Circuit Commercial Court typically deals with disputes in the £1-8 million range. Arbitration amplifies the effect. London remains the world’s leading arbitration seat: the 2025 Queen Mary / White & Case survey ranks it first globally, with 34 per cent preference, ahead of Singapore and Hong Kong. The LCIA alone registered 362 referrals in 2024, 95 per cent international, involving parties from over 100 jurisdictions.
One heavyweight arbitration can generate extraordinary economic activity. Specialist counsel, …
Who's accountable for the results?
Kamran Balayev is an international legal and policy expert, business leader, and former London mayoral candidate.
London’s most profitable export is not a product. It is a place.
Each year, international businesses deliberately choose English law, London courts, and London-seated arbitration to resolve disputes that can run into the hundreds of millions, sometimes billions. This is forum shopping at its most sophisticated: parties comparing legal systems as if they were infrastructure, and paying a premium for the one they trust most. For the UK, that premium is both a source of revenue and a form of quiet national influence.
The scale of this choice is striking. The Commercial Court reports that around 75 per cent of its work is international, a proportion that has remained broadly stable. But “international” understates what is happening in practice. An independent review of 262 judgments delivered by the London Commercial Courts between April 2023 and March 2024 found that 68 per cent of litigants were non-UK parties, drawn from 84 different countries; the most internationally diverse year on record.
A national court serving litigants from 84 countries is not merely domestic. It is global legal infrastructure. That global pull rests on something unusually old, and unusually modern in function.
England’s courts have institutional continuity stretching back almost 900 years, to the royal courts that emerged in the late 12th century. English common law began to crystallise in the same period, developing incrementally through judicial reasoning rather than comprehensive codes. Over time, that method produced what commercial parties value most: predictability without rigidity, adaptability without arbitrariness, and judgments that explain not just what the law is, but why.
As Lord Mansfield famously observed in the 18th century: “The law of England is the law of merchants.” That insight remains true. English law became the governing law of choice for cross-border contracts even when neither party was British – and London became the natural venue for resolving disputes arising from them.
This is reflected in the work London attracts. The Commercial Court generally handles claims valued at £8 million and above, while the London Circuit Commercial Court typically deals with disputes in the £1-8 million range. Arbitration amplifies the effect. London remains the world’s leading arbitration seat: the 2025 Queen Mary / White & Case survey ranks it first globally, with 34 per cent preference, ahead of Singapore and Hong Kong. The LCIA alone registered 362 referrals in 2024, 95 per cent international, involving parties from over 100 jurisdictions.
One heavyweight arbitration can generate extraordinary economic activity. Specialist counsel, …
Kamran Balayev: London’s justice heritage is one to be defended
Who's accountable for the results?
Kamran Balayev is an international legal and policy expert, business leader, and former London mayoral candidate.
London’s most profitable export is not a product. It is a place.
Each year, international businesses deliberately choose English law, London courts, and London-seated arbitration to resolve disputes that can run into the hundreds of millions, sometimes billions. This is forum shopping at its most sophisticated: parties comparing legal systems as if they were infrastructure, and paying a premium for the one they trust most. For the UK, that premium is both a source of revenue and a form of quiet national influence.
The scale of this choice is striking. The Commercial Court reports that around 75 per cent of its work is international, a proportion that has remained broadly stable. But “international” understates what is happening in practice. An independent review of 262 judgments delivered by the London Commercial Courts between April 2023 and March 2024 found that 68 per cent of litigants were non-UK parties, drawn from 84 different countries; the most internationally diverse year on record.
A national court serving litigants from 84 countries is not merely domestic. It is global legal infrastructure. That global pull rests on something unusually old, and unusually modern in function.
England’s courts have institutional continuity stretching back almost 900 years, to the royal courts that emerged in the late 12th century. English common law began to crystallise in the same period, developing incrementally through judicial reasoning rather than comprehensive codes. Over time, that method produced what commercial parties value most: predictability without rigidity, adaptability without arbitrariness, and judgments that explain not just what the law is, but why.
As Lord Mansfield famously observed in the 18th century: “The law of England is the law of merchants.” That insight remains true. English law became the governing law of choice for cross-border contracts even when neither party was British – and London became the natural venue for resolving disputes arising from them.
This is reflected in the work London attracts. The Commercial Court generally handles claims valued at £8 million and above, while the London Circuit Commercial Court typically deals with disputes in the £1-8 million range. Arbitration amplifies the effect. London remains the world’s leading arbitration seat: the 2025 Queen Mary / White & Case survey ranks it first globally, with 34 per cent preference, ahead of Singapore and Hong Kong. The LCIA alone registered 362 referrals in 2024, 95 per cent international, involving parties from over 100 jurisdictions.
One heavyweight arbitration can generate extraordinary economic activity. Specialist counsel, …
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